Understanding Hip Dysplasia: Early Action Supports Better Outcomes

By Thierry Benaroch, M.D., pediatric orthopedic surgeon at Shriners Hospitals for Children Canada

Hearing the words hip dysplasia, whether during a newborn exam or imaging later in childhood, can be unexpected and concerning for families. Many parents immediately ask, “Will my child walk normally? Did I cause this? What happens next?”

Hip dysplasia, also known as developmental dysplasia of the hip, means the hip socket isn’t forming as deeply or securely as expected. The hip joint functions as a ball and socket, and if the socket is shallow, the ball may fit loosely or sit out of position. While the diagnosis can feel unsettling, one important message is this: When detected early, hip dysplasia can be managed effectively, and many children go on to walk, run, and participate fully in physical activity.

Why Early Detection Matters

Hip dysplasia may be detected right at birth. Early identification allows the hip to be guided into a healthier position while bones and soft tissues are still forming.

Treatment in infancy may include:

• A supportive harness or brace
• Periodic imaging to monitor development

When diagnosed later, particularly in older children or adolescents, treatment may involve further monitoring or surgical planning, depending on the situation.

Common Questions From Families

What caused this?
Most cases have no single cause. Risk factors may include breech birth or family history; hip dysplasia is not caused by anything a parent did or did not do.

Will my child walk normally?
Many children who receive early evaluation and treatment develop stable hips and go on to walk independently. Each case is unique, and follow-up helps guide development.

How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis may include a physical exam and imaging such as ultrasound or X-ray.

Care Across Childhood

At Shriners Hospitals for Children Canada, we support infants and youth with hip dysplasia across their developmental stages. As children grow, hips change, especially during rapid growth, so continuity of care and monitoring helps guide decision-making.

In some cases, families may be able to submit imaging from a local center for review, reducing travel when appropriate while maintaining oversight.

The Importance of Early Referral

Hip dysplasia is generally easier to treat when identified early. Timely referral gives families clarity and ensures assessment during the most meaningful window for intervention, even if treatment isn’t immediately required.

Early assessment doesn’t always mean intervention; it means gathering the right information to determine next steps.

Looking Ahead

Many children diagnosed early and treated appropriately develop stable hips and remain active. For those diagnosed later, treatment planning may vary based on age, development and symptoms.

A Message for Families and Referring Clinicians

A hip dysplasia diagnosis can be emotional, and questions are normal. With early evaluation, appropriate treatment and follow-up, many children continue to move comfortably through each stage of development.

For clinicians, timely referral supports early decision-making and provides families with reassurance and clear next steps.

At Shriners Hospitals for Children Canada, our focus is thoughtful, informed and family-centered care. We’re here to support the journey, one step at a time.